What Are Retained Reflexes?
We all have reflex reactions to certain stimuli without even consciously thinking and an automatic motor response occurs such as blinking when something flies towards your eyes, or sneezing or coughing. When a baby is born, primary reflexes develop as a way to help the baby grow and mature in their environment in their first year of life.
Examples of primary reflexes are those for:
- Flight or fight
- Breastfeeding
- Grabbing an object
- Moving the head
- Crawling
Causes of Retained Reflexes
As babies mature, they develop postural reflexes that are much more mature patterns of reflexes to help control balance, coordination and sensorimotor development. In some cases, babies retain their primary reflexes past the first year of life because they fail to integrate them well with the rest of their nervous system. These are called retained reflexes. This may happen when there is too much overload and stress for the nervous system to handle and process.
Retained reflexes can cause developmental delays that may lead to disorders such as:
Here are some of the reasons why babies may have retained reflexes beyond the first year of life:
- Low birth weight
- Traumatic birth
- C-section birth
- Required resuscitation
- Incubation
- Blue baby
- Distorted skull
- Prolonged jaundice
- Feeding issues during first six months of life
- Illness with high fever
- Delirium or convulsions in the first 18 months of life
- Adverse reactions to toxins
- History of recurring ear, nose and throat infections
- Severe allergic reactions
What Your Doctor May Tell You about Retained Reflexes
Your child’s pediatrician will likely do a routine assessment on reflexes present in your newborn child. However, more than likely, the pediatrician will not routinely do an assessment to ascertain if these reflexes have integrated sometime within the first year of your baby’s life.
Neuro-motor immaturity, which is another way of describing retained primary reflexes, is one of the most prevalent issues in children with learning disabilities and developmental delays. American medical literature only recognizes neuro-motor immaturity in cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury or diseases that affect motor skills such as Alzheimer’s but not in infants and children with developmental delays.
Infants and children with retained primary reflexes present with many sensory integration symptoms. Most pediatricians are skeptical about recommending occupational therapy with sensory integration to help integrate retained reflexes because they consider sensory integration therapy to be controversial and questionable as to its effectiveness.
In addition, your child’s pediatricians may also believe that retained reflexes are really sensory processing issues which he or she might believe are just symptoms of another underlying developmental problem. Your child’s pediatrician will likely prefer to diagnose the other underlying disorders that share the symptoms that are presented by retrain reflexes rather than address retained reflexes themselves as what your child is experiencing.
Therefore, it is more than likely that your child’s pediatrician will not recognize retained reflexes but rather the sensory symptoms of the retained reflexes as part of a particular developmental disorder.
Another Way to Think about Retained Reflexes
Retained reflexes are a sign of neurodevelopmental damage caused by the above-mentioned traumas. In some cases, this damage is similar to what happens to an adult who has had a stroke, so think of rehabilitating your child in a similar fashion, although with the added complexity of the damage happening at a time of profound development in the brain and nervous system.
Your child may have some or many of the developmental delays found in retained primary reflexes such as:
- Poor coordination
- Lack of balance
- Poor sensory perceptions
- Poor manual dexterity
- Poor fine motor skills
- Sleep issues
- Dysregulated immune system
- Low energy levels
- Poor impulse control
- Lack of hand eye coordination
- Toe walking
- Low muscle tone
- Asymmetrical gait
- Midline-crossing difficulties
- Poor short-term memory
- Poor concentration
- Panic attacks
- Hypersensitivity
- Hyperreactivity
- Speech problems
- Articulation problems
- Impaired social learning
- Impaired emotional learning
- Impaired intellectual learning
Integrating Retained Reflexes
One of the most effective ways of integrating retained primary reflexes is to do a reflex-integration program, which can help to extinguish or integrate the primary reflexes and integrate many of the sensory-like symptoms that may be preventing your child from making improvement. The goal of this program is to activate as many of the neurological connections and functions as possible, so that your child will begin to become more age appropriate as they integrate their retained primary reflexes. Your child can then make much more physical and academic progress in many of the areas where he or she has delays.
A therapeutic reflex-integration program can also be extremely helpful if your child developed retained reflexes from the first year of life. If your child’s development was interrupted such as those on the autism spectrum, then a reflex intervention program would be appropriate. Parents may also learn how to work with their children and integrate reflex exercises and techniques.
The Sveltlana Masgutova Educational Institute offers an enormous amount of material on the role of reflexes in learning and behavior and also teaches parents how to work with their children.
In addition to treating the retained primary reflexes with therapeutic interventions, it would be helpful to address many of your child’s biomedical issues such as:
- Microbiome imbalance
- Organ stress
- Food allergies and intolerances
- Fatty acid deficiencies
- Oxidative stress
- Detoxification of pathogens
It would also be helpful to include some other additional therapies that can enhance the improvement and progress of your child’s developmental delays. You can learn more about reflex integration here.
Retained Reflexes Healing Checklist
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Sources & References
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Resources
Articles
Gazca, M. Rebooting Development with a Rhythmic Motor Intervention for Children. Minneapolis: St. Catherine University, May 2012.
Move, Play, Thrive: Vision Doctor on Rhythmic Movements + Research about Visual Processing Issues.
Svetlana Masgutova Educational Institute: What can make reflexes dysfunctional.
Books
Blomberg MD, Harald and Dempsey, Moira. Movements That Heal, Rhythmic Movement Training and Primitive Reflex Integration. Independenly published, 2011.
Brandes, Bonnie. The Symphony of Reflexes: Interventions for Human Development, Autism, ADHD, CP, and Other Neurological Disorders. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2016.
Carr, Kathryn. The Depth of Her Touch: A Biography of Svetlana Masgutova, PhD, Creator of the MNRI® Reflex Integration Program. Svetlana Masgutova Educational Institute. September 1, 2023.
A Collective Work. Reflexes: Portal to Neurodevelopment and Learning. Svetlana Masgutova Educational Institute, LLC; First Edition. January 1, 2015.
Dennison, Paul E., et al. Brain Gym: Simple Activities for Whole Brain Learning. Edu Kinesthetics. June 1, 1992.
Goddard Blythe, Sally. The Well Balanced Child: Movement and Early Learning. Hawthorn Press, 2005.
Goddard, Sally. Reflexes, Learning and Behavior, A Window Into the Child’s Mind. Fern Ridge Press, 2005.
Masgutova, Denis, et al. Parents’ Guide to MNRI® Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration. Svetlana Masgutova Educational Institute, LLC; First Edition. January 1, 2015.
Masgutova, Svetlana, et al. Autism: Maximize Potential with MNRI® Reflex Integration. Svetlana Masgutova Educational Institute; First Edition. January 1, 2023.
Masgutova, Svetlana, et al. MNRI® Reflex Integration for Your Daily Well-Being. Svetlana Masgutova Educational Institute, LLC. January 1, 2020.
Masgutova, Svetlana, et al. Post Trauma Recovery: Gentle, Rapid, and Effective Treatment with Reflex Integration. 1st World Publishing. January 17, 2018.
Masgutova, Svetlana, et al. Trauma Recovery – You Are A Winner; A New Choice Through Natural Developmental Movements. 1st World Publishing. May 24, 2007.
Websites
Balance Brain Achievement Centers
Institute for Neuro-Physiological Psychology
My Child Will Thrive: Primitive Reflexes Cheat Sheet